Upaya - Upaya yang Dilakukan Stasiun Radio dalam Menjaring Pemasang Iklan Kepada Pendengar (suatu Studi pada PT. Radio Chakra Bhuwana Malang)

: Malang city's famous progressive in providing information, not least with the city - the other big cities in Indonesia. Currently the city of Malang as fertile ground for business information in the packaging media, both print and electronic media, one of the advanced electronic media and still survive a radio. Radio broadcasting is a mass communication media components are used as conveying of information. Which can reach almost all city residents malang, any time, any place, and involve everyone (even illiterate) as well as anywhere. The technology used is very possible to overcome geographic barriers radio, weather and time.Moreover, with the development of satellite technology, radio is the cheapest electronic media, both the radio transmitter and receiver can be done while doing other things.Along with the development of this type of radio is radio the government, semi- government and private radio a much-loved community, especially among the middle down private radio with young segmentation not only convey just information but also entertainment, humor private radio as a means of entertainment evolved eventually play a significant role significant as the mass media.The method used is descriptive qualitative, aiming to gather information and facts - facts and phenomena investigated. It can be concluded that the Chakra Bhuwana FM radio listeners has increased the satisfaction of the needs - the needs and personal desires in a hearing broadcast on radio Bhuwana chakra, because in previous studies advertisers levels were obtained only at the intermediate level and above, and in this study the level of installer listeners classified ads to increase, as advertisers embrace the middle and upper-and middle down. Keywords: efforts - the efforts of radio stations in attracting advertisers to the audienc

Implementasi Keterbukaan Informasi Publik Melalui Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pendidikan (Simpendik) Di Dinas Pendidikan Kota Semarang

Public information disclosure is an aspect which is inseparable in the life of a democracy, where the rights of the individual over the public information must be fulfilled. To encourage the expansion of public information thoroughly, then every public institution is required to make asystem information which can be accessed quickly and easily by the public.Responding to the issue, Semarang City Education Office seriously launched management information systems education (SIMPENDIK) as a tool of information expansion, in cooperation with DINUSTEK and TELKOM Indonesia. This policy is Derivet (Derivative Policy), which is based on Act No. 14 of 2008 on public disclosure, as well as the regulation of the derivatives: Semarang Mayor Decree No. 821.29/265 on Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID) in Semarang municipal government\u27s environment, and Perwal No. 26 in 2012on guidelines for information and documentation management. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation and the driving factor, as well asthe inhibitor to the implementation of the public information disclosure through the education management information system (SIMPENDIK) in the Semarang City Education Office. Research methods used in this research are Descriptive-analytic methods. To answer the research problems, the author uses George c. Edwar III\u27s theory, i.e. communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure.The results of the research shows that the disclosureof public information through the education management information system (SIMPENDIK) in the Semarang City Education Office is already doing well, though there are still obstacles present, such as the lack of socialization to society, the limited number of personnel on Officer Functional information, the absence of a special room for the information manager, and the lack of a specific budget to support the implementation of the public information disclosure, as well

Analisis Pendapatan USAhatani pada Kopi Tradisional dan Kopi Sambung di Desa Lubuk Kembang, Kec. Curup Utara, Kab. Rejang Lebong

This research was conducted in the Desa Lubuk kembang, Kec. Curup Utara, Kab. Rejang Lebong, Prov. Bengkulu. The purpose of this study are: 1) to calculate revenue on the traditional coffee farming and grafting coffee farming and 2) to determine the condition of efficiency in traditional coffee farming and grafting coffee farming and their difference. The amount of 68 farmers of coffee were chosen by using the accidental sampling method. The respondents of farmers\u27 group consist of 34 farmers. Data analysis used descriptive analysis. The results of this research showed that the average income of traditional coffee farming is Rp. 7,369,461,00/hectar/year, while the average farm income of grafting coffee farming of Rp. 18,792,149/hectar/ year. The average value of R/C ratio in traditional coffee farming was 3.37, while in grafting coffee farming was 3.85. These indicataed that coffe farming, both on traditional coffee farming and grafting coffee farming, were eficient

The Utility of Complete Skin Examinations

Background: Complete skin examinations (CSE’s), also known as full body skin examinations (FBSE’s), are routinely performed on new patients presenting to dermatology clinics with the goal of detecting pre-malignant and malignant cutaneous lesions, resulting in decreased morbidity and mortality. Current literature is limited, focusing solely on neoplasm detection. One recent retrospective study demonstrated the utility of FBSE’s in the early detection of melanoma in a private practice setting.(1) Data combining the discovery of incidental cutaneous neoplasms and premalignancies on CSE by a dermatologist is not readily available. Currently, groups such as the United States Preventive Forces Task Force do not make recommendations for CSE’s. The prognosis of cutaneous neoplasms is based on the depth of penetration, which can be curtailed if lesions are discovered early. Melanomas are most worrisome and the 5-year survival rate for those diagnosed with melanoma at a thickness of \u3c 0.76 mm is 98%. (2) Other malignancies include basal cell (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Pre-malignancies include actinic keratoses (AK) and dysplastic nevi (DN). Although most dermatologists perform CSE’s on all new patients, many primary care physicians (PCP’s) do not regularly do so. Dermatologists are both more likely to perform CSE’s on patients perceived to be at high risk for cutaneous malignancy (3) and more likely than PCP’s to identify lesions. (4) Careful CSE’s result in cost and morbidity reduction. (4) Barriers to performing CSE’s include time limits and lack of emphasis on CSE’s during training. (3) While it seems appropriate for dermatologists and PCP’s to perform CSE’s in daily practice, PCP’s have a vital role in recognizing, diagnosing, and appropriately referring patients with concerning lesions. Objectives: Our pilot-study sought to provide data demonstrating the benefits of CSE’s for detecting both pre-malignant and malignant cutaneous lesions. By performing CSE’s on all new patients, we hoped to demonstrate that lesions that would otherwise go undiagnosed, are discovered earlier, decreasing morbidity. We hypothesized new patients presenting to the dermatology clinic for one skin lesion would actually have others discovered incidentally. Methods: Study subjects were identified as new patients presenting to the dermatology clinic at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center from September 2009 through March 2010, of varying ages, ethnicities, and sex. Each patient was asked to indicate “birthmarks, moles, or spots” they wanted examined; these lesions were considered the primary reason for the CSE. A CSE was performed on each subject with the patient’s complaints in mind. These were noted, and depending on the clinical diagnosis, the patient was biopsied, reassured, scheduled for follow-up, or treated. Other lesions detected by a dermatologist were noted, clinically diagnosed, and appropriately biopsied or treated, if necessary. Data analysis was done utilizing Microsoft excel. Data included the percentage of patients with physician-detected lesions and breakdown according to malignant potential and lack of it. Relationships between gender and incidental discovery of lesions were examined. Results: A total of 53 patients were recruited, 50 adults (94.3%) and 3 children (5.7%) from October 2009 through March 2010. There were 35 females (66.0%) and 18 males (34.0%). Of the 53 patients, a total of 10 (18.9%) had dermatologist-detected lesions and 5 (9.4%) had consequential (premalignant or malignant) lesions. There were not any lesions detected in children. A total of 14 lesions were detected and 8 (57.1%) of these lesions were considered consequential. Six (42.9%) of the 14 lesions were premalignant and 2 (14.3%) were malignant. Both malignancies were BCC’s and did not include more malignant neoplasms. Fifty percent of the premalignancies were diagnosed pathologically via a shave biopsy and 50 % were diagnosed clinically. All of the malignant lesions were diagnosed pathologically. Of the 35 females, 5 (14.3%) had lesions detected by a dermatologist. Of the 18 males, 5 (27.8%) had lesions detected similarly. There were no statistically significant differences in the patients having lesions discovered on exam with respect to gender (Fisher exact test p = 0.279); test of proportions revealed statistically insignificant results (p = 0.117, z score -1.188). An equal amount (50%) of premalignant lesions was discovered in both genders. Six (42.9%) of the 14 lesions were benign, including a blue nevus, nevus sebaceus, acne, dermatofibroma, and perioral dermatitis. Discussion: To our knowledge, our pilot-study is the first attempting to determine the utility of CSE’s in detecting lesions other than just cutaneous neoplasms. We also focused on premalignancies such as AK’s and DN. Because of our study, one female patient was worked up for neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) because she had multiple café-au-lait macules and inguinal freckling, suspicious for NF1. Our study’s limitations included the small patient population surveyed. The surveys were also not consistently used in all clinics. Although unintentional, this may have led to selection bias by not including new patients at all clinics attended by the dermatologists involved in the study. Our study also included twice as many females as males. Women may be more likely to seek dermatologic evaluation. Although no statistical significance was found with dermatologist detection of lesions comparing patient gender, this may have resulted from the small number of study subjects. Therefore, gender differences should be examined with a larger population. Racial and ethnic differences, as well as the cost-benefit ratio of discovering consequential lesions early on, should also be studied in the future. Conclusion: According to our pilot-study, we were able to demonstrate that a CSE does detect consequential lesions in 9.4% of patients. Although this is clinically significant, there does not appear to be any statistical significance since our population size was small. This pilot-study has been used as a basis for a larger scale study in the future with a larger patient population including children and adults of all ethnicities. Although further data collection is needed, this study demonstrates that lesions may be detected by a dermatologist even though a patient may not recognize them, helping decrease morbidity. References: 1. Kantor J, Kantor DE. Routine dermatologist-performed full-body skin examination and early melanoma detection. Arch Dermatol 2009;145(8):873-876. 2. Aitken, Joanne F, Youl, Philippa H, Janda, Monika, Lowe, John B, Ring, Ian T, Elwood, Mark. Increase in skin cancer screening during a community-based randomized intervention trial. Int J Cancer 2006;118:1010-1016. 3. Federman, Daniel G, Kravetz, Jeffrey D, Kirsner, Robert S. Skin cancer screening by dermatologists: prevalence and barriers. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;46:710-4. 4. Hubert, Jason N, Callen, Jeffrey P, Kasteler, Scott J. Prevalence of Cutaneous Findings in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients. Pediatr Dermatol 1997;14(6):426-429. Presented as part of the Senior Scholars Program at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, May 3, 2010

Multi-Step Processing of Spatial Joins

Spatial joins are one of the most important operations for combining spatial objects of several relations. In this paper, spatial join processing is studied in detail for extended spatial objects in twodimensional data space. We present an approach for spatial join processing that is based on three steps. First, a spatial join is performed on the minimum bounding rectangles of the objects returning a set of candidates. Various approaches for accelerating this step of join processing have been examined at the last year’s conference [BKS 93a]. In this paper, we focus on the problem how to compute the answers from the set of candidates which is handled by the following two steps. First of all, sophisticated approximations are used to identify answers as well as to filter out false hits from the set of candidates. For this purpose, we investigate various types of conservative and progressive approximations. In the last step, the exact geometry of the remaining candidates has to be tested against the join predicate. The time required for computing spatial join predicates can essentially be reduced when objects are adequately organized in main memory. In our approach, objects are first decomposed into simple components which are exclusively organized by a main-memory resident spatial data structure. Overall, we present a complete approach of spatial join processing on complex spatial objects. The performance of the individual steps of our approach is evaluated with data sets from real cartographic applications. The results show that our approach reduces the total execution time of the spatial join by factors